OPEN MRI
Traditional closed MRI machines are enclosed on all sides and subject patients to an alarming level of noise inside the small scanning chamber as the machine runs. Inside the narrow chamber, movement is greatly restricted and this causes severe claustrophobia in many patients. Our Hitachi 2 Open MRI scanner treats patients to a much more pleasant MRI experience.
The Hitachi Airis II is abundantly open, allowing patients to see into the MRI room on all four sides. Magnets are placed directly above and below the MRI bed, and only the area of a patient’s body to be scanned will enter the machine. For example: if a patient were having their foot scanned, they would enter the machine foot first and most of their body would remain outside the scanner. An Open MRI makes for a much more enjoyable experience for everyone.
WHY CHOOSE AN OPEN MRI?
There are a variety of reasons that your doctor may order an MRI scan from determining the cause of symptoms to examining an injury. Some of the common reasons for an MRI exam are to check for tumors or abnormalities, bone fractures too fine for x-rays or CT scans, or pain in the knee.
The board certified radiologists at Total Imaging MRI have decades of experience interpreting digital MRI results. They will work with your doctor to correctly and accurately determine the causes of your symptoms and deliver a diagnosis, all while promoting patient health.
THE OPEN MRI DIFFERENCE
While the technological aspects of an open MRI vs. a closed MRI are basically the same, a closed “High-field” MRI machine can deliver images in a higher resolution than an open MRI machine. Also, both types of scanners are highly sensitive to any metal in or on the body. Check with your doctor to determine if an MRI scan is the safe for you and whether an open MRI is the best option.
WHAT ARE MEDICAL X-RAYS?
X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation, similar to visible light. Unlike light, however, x-rays have higher energy and can pass through most objects, including the body. Medical x-rays are used to generate images of tissues and structures inside the body. If x-rays travelling through the body also pass through an x-ray detector on the other side of the patient, an image will be formed that represents the “shadows” formed by the objects inside the body.
One type of x-ray detector is photographic film, but there are many other types of detectors that are used to produce digital images. The x-ray images that result from this process are called radiographs.
HOW DO MEDICAL X-RAYS WORK?
To create a radiograph, a patient is positioned so that the part of the body being imaged is located between an x-ray source and an x-ray detector. When the machine is turned on, x-rays travel through the body and are absorbed in different amounts by different tissues, depending on the radiological density of the tissues they pass through. Radiological density is determined by both the density and the atomic number (the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus) of the materials being imaged. For example, structures such as bone contain calcium, which has a higher atomic number than most tissues. Because of this property, bones readily absorb x-rays and, thus, produce high contrast on the x-ray detector. As a result, bony structures appear whiter than other tissues against the black background of a radiograph. Conversely, x-rays travel more easily through less radiologically dense tissues such as fat and muscle, as well as through air-filled cavities such as the lungs. These structures are displayed in shades of gray on a radiograph.
WHEN ARE MEDICAL X-RAYS USED?
Listed below are examples of examinations and procedures that use x-ray technology to either diagnose or treat disease:
Diagnostic
X-ray radiography: Detects bone fractures, certain tumors and other abnormal masses, pneumonia, some types of injuries, calcifications, foreign objects, dental problems, etc.
Mammography: A radiograph of the breast that is used for cancer detection and diagnosis. Tumors tend to appear as regular or irregular-shaped masses that are somewhat brighter than the background on the radiograph (i.e., whiter on a black background or blacker on a white background). Mammograms can also detect tiny bits of calcium, called microcalcifications, which show up as very bright specks on a mammogram. While usually benign, microcalcifications may occasionally indicate the presence of a specific type of cancer.
CT (computed tomography):Combines traditional x-ray technology with computer processing to generate a series of cross-sectional images of the body that can later be combined to form a three-dimensional x-ray image. CT images are more detailed than plain radiographs and give doctors the ability to view structures within the body from many different angles.
Fluoroscopy: Uses x-rays and a fluorescent screen to obtain real-time images of movement within the body or to view diagnostic processes, such as following the path of an injected or swallowed contrast agent. For example, fluoroscopy is used to view the movement of the beating heart, and, with the aid of radiographic contrast agents, to view blood flow to the heart muscle as well as through blood vessels and organs. This technology is also used with a radiographic contrast agent to guide an internally threaded catheter during cardiac angioplasty, which is a minimally invasive procedure for opening clogged arteries that supply blood to the heart.
Therapeutic
Radiation therapy in cancer treatment: X-rays and other types of high-energy radiation can be used to destroy cancerous tumors and cells by damaging their DNA. The radiation dose used for treating cancer is much higher than the radiation dose used for diagnostic imaging. Therapeutic radiation can come from a machine outside of the body or from a radioactive material that is placed in the body, inside or near tumor cells, or injected into the blood stream.
Click here for more information on radiation therapy for cancer.
ARE THERE RISKS?
When used appropriately, the diagnostic benefits of x-ray scans significantly outweigh the risks. X-ray scans can diagnose possibly life-threatening conditions such as blocked blood vessels, bone cancer, and infections. However, x-rays produce ionizing radiation—a form of radiation that has the potential to harm living tissue. This is a risk that increases with the number of exposures added up over the life of the individual. However, the risk of developing cancer from radiation exposure is generally small.
An x-ray in a pregnant woman poses no known risks to the baby if the area of the body being imaged isn’t the abdomen or pelvis. In general, if imaging of the abdomen and pelvis is needed, doctors prefer to use exams that do not use radiation, such as MRI or ultrasound. However, if neither of those can provide the answers needed, or there is an emergency or other time constraint, an x-ray may be an acceptable alternative imaging option.
Children are more sensitive to ionizing radiation and have a longer life expectancy and, thus, a higher relative risk for developing cancer than adults. Parents may want to ask the technologist or doctor if their machine settings have been adjusted for children.
Click on the following links for information about risks for specific procedures:
WHAT ARE NIBIB-FUNDED RESEARCHERS DEVELOPING IN THE FIELD OF X-RAY TECHNOLOGY?
Current research of x-ray technology focuses on ways to reduce radiatio dose, improve image resolution, and enhance contrast materials and methods. For detailed examples of research advancements for specific imaging procedures, click on the links below: